Pulmonary hypertension is a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in the lungs and the right side of the heart. It is different from regular high blood pressure. Pulmonary hypertension begins when the small arteries in your lungs, called pulmonary arteries, and capillaries become narrowed, blocked or destroyed. This makes it harder for blood to flow through your lungs, and raises pressure within your lungs' arteries. As the pressure builds, your heart's lower right chamber (right ventricle) must work harder to pump blood through your lungs, eventually causing your heart muscle to weaken and eventually fail.
Pulmonary hypertension is a serious illness that becomes progressively worse and can lead to right heart failure. Although pulmonary hypertension isn't curable except in certain scenarios, treatments are available that can help reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.
Any of these conditions can lead to high blood pressure in your lungs:
- Family history of pulmonary hypertension
- Lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and other autoimmune diseases
- HIV
- Congestive heart failure
- A heart defect from birth
- Illegal drug use
- Portal hypertension
- Blood clots in the lungs
- Lung diseases like emphysema, chronic bronchitis, or pulmonary fibrosis
- Sleep apnea